October 27 remains a significant day in the history of Uzbekistan and in Central Asia. In the heart of Central Asia, Uzbekistan commits itself towards a path to democracy, opening an electoral system which firm up the representation centred around the power of its people—its citizen.

President Shavkat Mirziyoyev's administration has emphasized the importance of fair elections. So, the elections were observed by more than 850 foreign and international observers—sending a message that it opens its doors towards transparency and accountability in an unprecedented global outreach.

President Shavkat Mirziyoyev's administration has emphasized fair elections, observed by over 850 foreign and international observers, signalling unprecedented transparency and accountability

The significance also lies in its close cooperation with India in its resolve to build a robust democracy based on economic stability and digitisation as Uzbekistan's First Deputy Foreign Minister Bakhromjon Aloyev outlines during the course of election in a special interaction with the author.

Taking massive countrywide exercise, elections were held to the Legislative Chamber of the Oliy Majlis (national parliament) of the Republic of Uzbekistan and local Kengashes (Councils) of people's deputies.

A democracy to nurture

The idea that democracy is not monolithic and it does have its own progression is the core of true democratic reforms. That works well in its organic growth attached to the region in terms of its socio-economic structures and complexity. The recent election and opening the electoral systems in the secular tradition of Uzbekistan represent that very ambition which needs to be encouraged. With a level of transparency in its electoral exercise, Uzbekistan attempts to showcase its resolve to nurture its democracy.

In a step forward, President Mirziyoyev has presented an ambitious and economic reform programme. In his "Development strategy for a new Uzbekistan 2022-2026", he boldly outlines administrative reforms, greater representation and strengthening constitutional framework. In his address, President has called a free civil society, market-economy which is based on openness and competition, aiming to be part of global supply chain.

India, as the world's largest democracy, is committed to supporting Uzbekistan's democratic transition, focusing on democratic governance, human rights, and institutional strengthening

"This is definitely towards an open and competitive economy," echoes the Deputy Foreign Minister Aloyev as outlined by the President Mirziyoyev.

The current elections, for the first time in the history of the country, organized under a mixed electoral system, combining majoritarian and proportional systems, were successful. During the pre-election campaign, it was clearly seen that the introduction of a mixed electoral system increased competition between political parties and a democratic environment in society.

The elections were also directly observed by 55 thousand observers from political parties and more than 10 thousand observers from self-governing bodies of citizens.

India and Uzbekistan:

India, as the world's largest democracy, has shown tremendous interest in supporting Uzbekistan's democratic transition. This alignment in values presents an opportunity for India to engage with Uzbekistan on democratic governance, human rights, and civil society development. By offering technical assistance and sharing experiences in democratic practices, India aims to cooperate and strengthen Uzbekistan's institutional framework and promote a more inclusive political environment.

India and Uzbekistan share a historical connection that has evolved into a robust strategic partnership, particularly in the realms of security, economic cooperation, and cultural exchange. As Uzbekistan solidifies its position in Central Asia, India has recognized the importance of deepening ties with this key nation to bolster its influence and interests in the region.

The relationship between India and Uzbekistan can be traced back centuries, influenced by trade routes, cultural exchanges, and historical interactions. The legacy of the Silk Road created a foundation for commercial and cultural ties, while the shared heritage of the Persian Empire and Islamic culture further strengthened these connections. However, it was only after Uzbekistan gained independence in 1991 that formal diplomatic relations began, paving the way for a strategic partnership.

Economic Cooperation

In recent years, economic ties between India and Uzbekistan have gained significant momentum. Trade has steadily increased, with India emerging as one of Uzbekistan's largest trading partners. In 2022, bilateral trade reached approximately $400 million, covering sectors such as pharmaceuticals, textiles, machinery, and agriculture. India has also invested in various sectors within Uzbekistan, including information technology, renewable energy, and agriculture, enhancing economic collaboration.

The establishment of the India-Uzbekistan Business Council has further facilitated economic dialogue, providing a platform for businesses from both countries to explore opportunities. Joint ventures, particularly in the pharmaceuticals and energy sectors, highlight the potential for increased economic integration. The ongoing focus on digital transformation and infrastructure development in Uzbekistan presents additional avenues for Indian companies to engage in lucrative partnerships.

Economic cooperation between India and Uzbekistan is growing, with bilateral trade reaching approximately $400 million in 2022, spanning pharmaceuticals, textiles, machinery, and agriculture

Security Cooperation

Security concerns in Central Asia, particularly relating to terrorism, drug trafficking, and regional instability, have prompted closer security cooperation between India and Uzbekistan. Both nations recognize the importance of a stable and secure environment for sustainable development. India's engagement in Uzbekistan's security framework is underscored by joint military exercises and training programs aimed at enhancing counter-terrorism capabilities.

India's interest in stability in Afghanistan also aligns with Uzbekistan's security concerns, as both countries seek to prevent the spillover of extremism and violence. The establishment of the India-Uzbekistan Joint Working Group on Security Cooperation marks a significant step in addressing these mutual security challenges, facilitating intelligence sharing and collaborative efforts in combating terrorism.

Central Asia's Geopolitical Landscape

Central Asia, with its strategic location between Europe and Asia, is increasingly becoming a focal point in global geopolitics. The region's rich natural resources and economic potential make it an area of interest for various global powers, including Russia, China, and the United States. India's growing engagement in Central Asia is part of its broader strategy to enhance its influence in the region and secure economic opportunities.

India's "Connect Central Asia" policy underscores its commitment to fostering strong ties with Central Asian nations. By deepening relationships with Uzbekistan, India seeks to counterbalance the influence of China and Russia while also addressing its energy security concerns and enhancing regional connectivity through initiatives like the International North-South Transport Corridor.

Cultural Exchange and People-to-People Ties

Cultural ties between India and Uzbekistan have flourished, driven by shared historical narratives and contemporary initiatives. The promotion of cultural diplomacy through educational exchanges, tourism, and art has helped strengthen the bonds between the two nations. Scholarships for Uzbek students to study in India and Indian cultural programs in Uzbekistan are pivotal in fostering mutual understanding.

Moreover, the presence of a significant Uzbek diaspora in India and vice versa adds another layer of connectivity, facilitating exchanges in business, culture, and education. These people-to-people ties are essential for building long-term relationships and enhancing bilateral cooperation.

India and Uzbekistan are on a promising path toward a stronger partnership characterized by mutual interests in security, economic collaboration, and democratic development. As Uzbekistan continues to navigate its political reforms and establish itself in the global arena, India's engagement will be crucial in shaping the future of this partnership. With both nations committed to enhancing their ties, the next decade promises to be transformative for India-Uzbekistan relations in Central Asia, paving the way for a more secure, prosperous, and democratic region.

 

Manish Kumar Jha is a Consulting & Contributing Editor for SP's Aviation, SP's Land Forces and SP's Naval Forces and a security expert. He writes on national security, military technology, strategic affairs & policies.